Self reference and nestedness adds a huge level of complexity and compactness. Lots of idea from computing and information to explore without invoking non physical origins of consciousness and souls.

If assuming metaphysical or non-physical such as Cartesian Dualism or primacy of consciousness separate from or giving rise to the physical world, the brain could be viewed as a receiver/transmitter device. Analogy here would be television or radio waves. DMT and other drugs could affect functioning of that receiver/transmitter device.